peters



run .sra'rus :BATE' SAMUEL. Rusr, or mew roux, x.

LAMP.

Specification of Letters latent lvol. 3,260,,dated September 14, 184 3.

To all whom. it mag concern:

Be ,it known that I, SAMUEL ,Rusr, of

the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented a newand use .fulgimprovement in lamps for lighting houses, stores, and.other places,wh1ch[. 1mf

the following is a full and exact description 1 as invented or improvedby me.

Themodeheretoforefor putting the wick into lard lamps, has been dirtyandtroublesome, as the burners, or parts which contains the wick, have hadtobe taken out of the lamp while full ofgrease andhandled for theinsertion of the wick;gbuthmy, im-

provement completely obviates the evil with as much simplicity as the.common oil lamp which will answer for both lard and -.oil withoutalteration or changingits general appearance from an oil lamp 3 Thewhole lampwith my improvement is represented with'the roller byFigure 1. This improvement consists of a piece of metal as a spring orheater about five eighths of an inch wide more or less, tubular orotherwise soldered or fastened to the tube, or inside of the stopper,which spring or heater I extend downward to the bottom part of the bowlof the lamp, or as far down as is necessary for the length of wick, andthen bend it upward and carry it through the tube ortop of the stopperso as to run a hollow wick on to it the same as in the Argand lamp, orto put the wick in, all on one side, at pleasure of the user. Thisspring or heater is represented without the roller or wick by a sectionas A, Fig. 2, in a stopper with a short tube one end of which isfastened to the bottom of the tube atL and then extended downward to thebot-tom part of the bowl of the lamp to G and bent and carried upwardthrough the top of the tube to H which when used without roller is madeso as to press the wick when in against the side of the short tube atthe bottom as I and bent a little back so as to stand in the center ofthe tube at the top at H which This spring or heater thus sustaining thewick allows the tube to be made [large and roomy so that the wick isinstantly shoved downuatthe top of the tube without taking out. thestopper by means of a small strip of tin about one-fourth or threeeighths of an inch wideand from two to three inches long which is doneby'lpressingthe wick down against the force of the spring, which springgives way to the wick .and lets it down with .ease. "The wick is alsoeasily picked up by pressing against the forceof thej springjabove thetop ofthe tube. The tubebeing largeand open admits a circulationofairbetween the tube and wick which prevents it from crust-ing, andadds, greatly to the brilliancy of the light. This spring or heater isused with theroller to raise or depress the wick, also, fastened to thetube or stopper and bent precisely in the same manner as above describedand passing up through the tube the same, only in place.

ofjpressihg the wick against the side of the tube it ppresses :it.against the roller as B, Fig. 3,and B, Fig. 4, which-allows a thickor athin wick :to pass between the spring and roller, with a soft and gentlepressure and with the same case the wick is represented by Fig. 3 andFig. 4: to be in place on to the spring or heater. The shaft or body ofthe roller is placed on the outside of the tube, but on the inside ofthe stopper with the largest part or teeth of the roller reaching insideof the tube so as toact 011 the wick when in as C Fig. 3, C Fig. 4 and CFig. 5, througha hole or opening into the side of the tube for thispurpose.

The roller either in oil or in lard when melted, takes down the wick atonce and raises and depresses it; but the wick can be shoved 'down intothe hard lard at the top of the tube without taking out the stopper bymeans of a strip of tin as Fig. 6 cut out in the middle, so as toembrace the roller, as it goes down, which must be pressed also againstthe force of the spring, and the spring will give way, and the wick willgo down with ease, as in the former case. This spring or heater worksbeautifully with the roller, on the common candle wick, by making thetube square and narrow, and the roller and spring to fill the tube, fromside to side, which may have one tube or two tubes in the lamp. It alsoworks well on this wick, and is used advantageously without the roller.This spring or heater is used either with or without the roller in along tube in the same manner as described in the short tube, only it isnot necessary that it should bend and go up to the inside of the stopperto be fastened, but be fastened directly to the bottom of the tube, andgo straight up, as the tube may be considered a part or con nection ofthe spring, or heater itself in this case is the same. This spring orheater in place of fastening it to the tube or stopper is also fastenedto the bottom part of the bowl of the lamp as D Fig. 5 either tubular orotherwise as in the former cases and made to pass up through the tubeand top of the lamp and to perform the same office, either with theroller, or without it, as the wick can be carried down or regulated inthe same maner as in the former cases. This mode I show with the rolleras C Fig. 5 and the spring or heater made tubular as E Fig. 5 and E Fig.7 with a shade holder and air holes in the pillar of the lamp in theusual manner allowing a circulation of air to pass up through thetubular spring or heater and wick as represented by E Fig. 5 and E Fig.7. This spring or heater being tubular has been experienced to besufficiently elastic, to allow a thick or a thin wick to work with thesame ease and performs equally well, as in the other cases, either withthe roller or without the roller. This last mode is not convenient for astopper and consequently a separate place or opening must be made in thetop of the lamp, on the side to put in the oil, or lard, which is not sogood by far except for a shade lamp, as fastening it to the stopper asin the former cases, but is evidently the same. This piece of metal,spring, or heater, may be made narrower, say a small strip of tin plate,or other substance which is conveniently soldered, or fastened to thebottom of the tube, and extended up, and made to press against theroller or wick which is the same as the former cases only smaller. Thiswill save a great deal of trouble in not being confined to a particularthickness of Wick as was the case with the old mode which has given agreat deal of trouble and caused many to abandon these kind of lamps.

What I claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

The piece of metal, spring, or heater, as above applied into the tube,soldered, or fastened into the tube, stopper, or lamp, and combined withthe tube, stopper, or lamp, in such way and in such manner as is aboveset forth or in any way that is essentially the same, and so combinedwith the roller, as to act in any way on the roller or wick, as aspring, either in the tube, or at the bottom of the short tube orsocket, pressing against the roller or wick, for the purpose ofreceiving a thick wick or a thin wick.

Witness my hand this twenty eighth day of June 1843.

SAMUEL RUST.

In presence of SARAH A. Rosa, SILAS CUMMINGS.

